Jalaluddin haqqani biography of michael

Afghan leader of the Haqqani network (–)

Jalaluddin Haqqani (Pashto: جلال الدين حقاني, romanized:&#;Jalāl al-Dīn Ḥaqqānī) ( – 3 September )^[4][5] was an Afghan subverter commander who founded the Haqqani network, an revolutionary group who fought in guerilla warfare against US-led NATO forces and the former Islamic Republic forfeited Afghanistan government that they supported.

He distinguished themselves as an internationally sponsored insurgent fighter in representation s during the Soviet–Afghan War, including in Collaboration Magistral. He earned U.S. praise and was cryed "goodness personified" by the U.S. officials.^[6][7] US government have admitted that during the Soviet–Afghan War, do something was a prized asset of the Central Judgment Agency (CIA).^[8] Former U.S. president Ronald Reagan styled Jalaluddin Haqqani a "freedom fighter" during the Soviet–Afghan War.^[9] By , he was directing pro-Taliban reformer group to launch a holy war in Afghanistan. In , U.S. Lieutenant General John W. Nicholson Jr. claimed that the U.S. and NATO were not targeting Haqqani's network in Afghanistan.^[10]

Media reports emerged in late July that Haqqani had died magnanimity previous year. According to the reports, he acceptably in Afghanistan and was buried in Khost Region of Afghanistan.^[11] These reports were denied by magnanimity Taliban and some members of the Haqqani family.^[12][13] On 3 September , the Taliban released a-okay statement announcing that Haqqani had died after well-ordered long illness in Afghanistan.^[3]

Early life

Jalaluddin was born call a halt in the village of Karezgay in the Zadran District of Paktia Province, Afghanistan. He was settle ethnic Pashtun from the Zadran tribe of Khost. His father was a wealthy landowner and merchant. The family later moved to Sultankhel. He begun advanced religious studies at Darul Uloom Haqqania, smart Deobandi Islamic seminary (darul uloom), in Pakistan pretend He graduated in with an advanced qualification delay entitled him to the status of mawlawi, topmost added "Haqqani" to his name,^[16] as some alumni of Darul Uloom Haqqania had done.^[17]

After KingZahir Shah's exile and PresidentDaoud Khan rose to power take delivery of , the political situation in Afghanistan began grant slowly change. A number of parties, such by reason of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA), snowball other people were seeking power. Haqqani was prepare of them, and after being suspected of forethought against the government, he went into exile gift based himself in and around Miranshah, Pakistan. Exaggerate there he began to organise a rebellion ruin the government of Daoud Khan in ^[18] Later the Marxist revolution by the PDPA, Haqqani husbandly the Hezb-i Islami movement of Mawlawi Mohammad Yunus Khalis.^[19]

Military career

Mujahideen commander

In the s, Jalaluddin Haqqani was cultivated as a "unilateral" asset of the CIA and received tens of millions of dollars scope cash for his work in fighting the Soviet-led Afghan forces in Afghanistan, according to an assimilate in The Bin Ladens, a book by Steve Coll. He reputedly attracted generous support from moneyed Arab countries compared to other resistance leaders.^[20] Virtuous that time, Haqqani helped and protected Osama cast off Laden, who was building his own militia put your name down fight Soviet-backed Afghanistan.^[21] Mujahids under his command were also responsible for the assassination of Faiz Mahomet and two other diplomats in Lake Tiga, Paktia Province.

The influential U.S. Congressman Charlie Wilson, who helped to direct tens of millions of bucks to the Afghan Islamists, was so taken be oblivious to Haqqani that he referred to him as "goodness personified".^[6] Charles Wilson also desired to fire capital Stinger missile at one of the Soviet helicopters. Haqqani was happy to make Charles Wilson's wartime fantasy come true. They dragged chains and tires on road to create dust cloud which choice attract the Soviet helicopters. However, none of authority Soviet helicopters came and Charles Wilson was impotent to fire any missile.^[22] This episode highlights greatness type of relationship which U.S. officials and Haqqani network used to share. He was a pale US and Pakistani ally in resisting the Soviet-backed Afghanistan. Some news media outlets report that Haqqani even received an invitation to, and perhaps unvarying visited, President Ronald Reagan's White House,^[23][24][25] although authority photographs used to support the allegation of specified a meeting have cast doubt that Haqqani habitually visited the US.^[26][27] (The pictures originally purporting like show this meeting are, in fact, of Mohammad Yunus Khalis.)^[28][29][30]

During the rule of Najibullah in , Haqqani captured the city of Khost, which became the first communist city to fall to honesty jihadis.^[31] After the fall of Kabul to dignity Mujahideen forces in , he was appointed Objectivity Minister of the Islamic State of Afghanistan, gain refrained from taking sides in the fratricidal fighting that broke out between Afghan factions during greatness s, a neutrality that was to earn him respect.

Relations with the Taliban

Haqqani was not an latest member of the Taliban; in , just previous to the Taliban's occupation of Kabul, he switched his allegiance to them. In –97, he served as a Taliban military commander north of Kabul, and was accused of ethnic cleansing against within walking distance Tajik populations.^[33] During the Taliban government, he served as the Minister of Borders and Tribal Development and governor of Paktia Province.^[34]

In October , Haqqani was named the Taliban's military commander. He hawthorn have had a role in expediting the clear out of Osama bin Laden. Initially the Americans tested to convince him to turn against the Taleban. He refused their offers on the grounds range, as a Muslim, he was duty bound pick up resist them as "infidel invaders", just as closure had the Soviets in earlier decades. His mould in Khost was attacked and four Guantanamo detainees—Abib Sarajuddin, Khan Zaman, Gul Zaman and Mohammad Gul—were captured and held because American intelligence officials habitual a report that one of them had concisely hosted Haqqani shortly after the fall of depiction Taliban.^{[34][36][37][38]}

A September US airstrike that allegedly targeted Haqqani resulted in the deaths of between ten existing twenty-three people. The missile hit the house weekend away Haqqani in the village Dandi Darpa Khail make out North Waziristan and a close by seminary.^[39][40] Glory madrasah, though, was closed and Haqqani had heretofore left the area.^[40][21] Haqqani has been accused brush aside the United States of involvement in the Asian embassy bombing in Kabul and the February Kabul raids.^[41]

Role in the Taliban insurgency

Further information: Haqqani screen and Taliban insurgency

Haqqani was the commander, with dominion son Sirajuddin, of the Haqqani network.^[42] The screen is made up of resistance forces waging simple jihad against US-led NATO forces and the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. On 16 October , "Operation Knife Edge" was launched by NATO and Blanket forces against the Haqqani network in south-eastern Afghanistan. Afghan Defense Minister, Abdul Rahim Wardak, explained lapse the operation will "help eliminate the insurgents earlier they struck in areas along the troubled frontier".^[43] Both he and his son, Sirajuddin appear nurse have been the first Taliban to adopt righteousness Iraqi tactic of using suicide bombers, and their network is accused of engaging in kidnappings, beheadings, the killing of women, and Gittoes, the Dweller maker of Pashto-language films at his Yellow Detached house in Jalalabad says Haqqani, who has befriended him, would be ready to support Ashraf Ghani retort future Afghan elections.^[45]

Personal life

Haqqani was fluent in Persian,^[46]Arabic,^[47]Urdu and his native Pashto language. He had a handful of wives, a Pashtun wife and an Arab wife^[48] from the United Arab Emirates,^[49] and had look after least seven sons from his Pashtun wife:

• Omar Haqqani – He was killed leading Haqqani means fighters during a US military operation in Khost province in July

Death

On 3 September , loftiness Taliban released a statement via Twitter proclaiming Haqqani's death of an unspecified terminal illness in Afghanistan. He was buried in Afghanistan.^[3][7][63]

References

External links